Preeclampsia is more than just a complication—it’s a serious condition that can threaten the health of both mother and baby.
Affecting 5-8% of all pregnancies in the U.S., this hypertensive disorder can develop suddenly and progress quickly, making early detection and care essential.
At WomanCare, we believe in empowering women with the knowledge to navigate their pregnancy confidently and safely.
In this article, we’ll guide you through what preeclampsia is, how to recognize the signs, and the steps you can take to help prevent or manage it.
What Is Preeclampsia?
Preeclampsia is a pregnancy complication marked by high blood pressure after 20 weeks of pregnancy and signs of organ involvement, most often affecting the liver, kidneys, or brain.
It can develop quietly, even in women with no prior blood pressure issues, and may occur during pregnancy or in the postpartum period, sometimes even up to six weeks after delivery.
To be diagnosed with preeclampsia, a patient typically meets one or more of the following criteria:
- Blood pressure 140/90 mm Hg or higher on two separate readings
- Protein in the urine (a sign of kidney stress)
- Elevated liver enzymes
- Low platelet count
- Signs of kidney dysfunction (e.g., high creatinine)
- Symptoms such as severe headaches, vision changes, or upper abdominal pain
Mild preeclampsia may have fewer symptoms and stable labs, while severe preeclampsia can involve dangerously high blood pressure, worsening organ function, or complications like seizures (eclampsia).
Both forms require close monitoring, but severe cases often call for immediate intervention.
What Causes Preeclampsia?
While the cause of preeclampsia is not fully understood, it is thought to begin in the placenta and relate to the body’s adaptation to pregnancy.
Multiple risk factors have been identified that may increase the likelihood of developing preeclampsia, such as if you:
- Are pregnant for the first time
- Have a personal or family history of preeclampsia
- Are carrying twins or multiples
- Have high blood pressure, diabetes, kidney disease, or an autoimmune condition
- Are over age 35
- Had a long gap (10+ years) between pregnancies
- Had complications in a previous pregnancy
- Have a high body mass index (BMI)
It’s important to remember that having one or more of these risk factors doesn’t mean you’ll develop preeclampsia, it just means your provider may keep a closer eye on your pregnancy.
Preeclampsia Symptoms to Watch For
Preeclampsia can look different for every person, but some common signs of preeclampsia to look for include:
- High blood pressure: Often the first sign. Regular prenatal visits help monitor this.
- Protein in urine: A urine sample can be checked for protein, which is a sign that your kidneys may not be working normally.
- Severe headaches: Persistent or severe headaches can indicate brain involvement.
- Vision changes: Vision problems can include temporary loss of vision, light sensitivity, or blurry vision.
- Upper abdominal pain: Usually under the ribs on the right side.
- Nausea or vomiting: These symptoms can appear suddenly during the second half of pregnancy.
- Decreased urine output: Less urine or darker urine can be a sign.
- Sudden swelling: A sudden increase in swelling in your face, hands, and eyes can be a symptom of preeclampsia.
If you experience any of these symptoms, please contact your healthcare provider immediately.
How to Prevent Preeclampsia
While there is no guaranteed way to prevent preeclampsia, several measures can help reduce the risk, including:
- Regular prenatal care: Frequent check-ups can catch the early signs of preeclampsia.
- Diet and exercise: Maintain a healthy lifestyle by following a diet rich in fruits, vegetables, whole grains, and lean proteins. Regular, moderate exercise can also help.
- Monitor salt intake: Avoid excessive salt, but do not eliminate it entirely. Consult with your healthcare provider for guidance.
- Stay hydrated: Drink 6-8 glasses of water a day.
- Avoid alcohol and tobacco: Both can increase the risk of preeclampsia.
What to Do if You Have Preeclampsia
If you already know you have preeclampsia, it’s essential to take certain measures to manage it, such as:
- Monitor your condition: If diagnosed, you’ll need frequent check-ups to monitor the health of you and your baby.
- Medications: Your doctor might recommend medications to lower blood pressure or help prevent seizures.
- Dietary changes: As advised by your healthcare provider.
- Possible early delivery: In some cases, early delivery is necessary to prevent complications.
Get Expert Preeclampsia Support at WomanCare PC
Preeclampsia is a serious condition, but with early detection and the proper care, it can be managed to help protect both your health and your baby’s.
If you notice any unusual symptoms or if something just doesn’t feel right, trust your instincts and reach out to your provider. Prompt care can make all the difference, and we’re here to support you through every stage of your pregnancy with expert, compassionate care.
If you have questions or concerns about preeclampsia, or if it’s time to schedule a prenatal visit, contact us today to make an appointment.
